孟买猫又称小黑豹、蒙娜丽莎、迷你庞莎,是由美国育成的著名短毛猫。全身乌黑,油光闪亮,毛短紧贴身体,像漆皮一样。孟买猫在英国还没得到认证。
孟买猫是一个现代品种,在1958年由美国育种学家用缅甸猫(黑韶猫)和美国的黑色短毛猫杂交培育而成。由于其外貌酷似印度豹,故以印度的都市孟买命名。1976年孟买猫曾被爱猫者协会选为冠军。目前这种性情温和,感情丰富,聪明伶俐的漂亮小猫越来越受到人们的欢迎。
基本特征
头部:为圆形。
面部:为圆形,鼻子短,下额颊发育良好。
眼睛:呈圆形,为闪亮的古铜色,双眼间距较宽。
耳朵:大小适中,尖稍呈圆弧形。
鼻子:鼻短。
被毛:毛短,紧贴身体,毛质柔细,质感细致,为发亮的乌黑色。
躯干:身材适中,肌肉发达。
四肢:粗壮,强健有力,与身体和尾相协调。趾圆形,紧凑有力,足掌黑色。脚爪小,为椭圆形。
尾巴:长度适中。
外观特点
孟买猫由缅甸猫和美国短毛猫杂交培育而成,不但保留了美国短毛猫的颜色,体形也很像缅甸猫。其具有独一无二的颜色——黑色,幼猫稍淡,成年猫为漆黑单色,毛短而有光泽,被称为"小黑豹"。孟买猫身材中等,食量相对较大,肌肉强健,体重相对于身体大小来说可以算是“重量级”的,所以抱起来觉得格外有分量。按照命名的由来,可知它是一种充满野性魅力的猫。体型如同巴密兹猫,都是半短身型,头部有浑圆感,但颈子和四肢比巴密兹猫长,肌肉也相当发达,敏捷的行动力叫人叹为观止。
孟买猫头圆,脸颊丰满亦且圆。鼻长中等稍短,稍凹陷,但不是塌鼻梁,鼻镜黑色。眼睛大,圆圆的,眼色为金黄色或紫铜色,不时地闪烁迷人的光芒,所以有蒙娜丽莎、迷你庞莎之称。约长到4岁左右的成猫,由毛根至毛尾全部为黑色,这使得闪闪发光昀金色双眸更加迷人。两耳圆而直立,稍前倾,两耳间距大。
孟买幼猫发育十分缓慢,被毛上常有虎斑。幼猫的眼睛颜色和其他幼猫眼睛颜色一样,出生时是蓝色,然后变成灰色,最后变成金色或深紫铜色。
不良特征
极短胖或细长的体型;过于细致的骨骼形状;过细,扭曲的尾;羊毛状被毛;有纽扣斑和白色斑;头骨扁平,眼睛绿色;鼻镜、足掌非黑色。
性格特性
就外观来看,孟买猫宛如一只小型黑豹,但其性格却与外表相反。孟买猫个性温驯柔和,稳重好静,然而它不怕生,感情丰富,很喜欢和人亲热,被人搂抱时喉咙会不停的发出满足的呼噜声。所以这种漂亮的黑色小猫深受人们喜爱,是人类的好伙伴。孟买猫非常好交际,易于和周围环境融为一体,它还能孩子和狗友好相处,但和其它的猫不一定能相安无事。孟买猫有爱心,特别温柔,爱依偎在主人身边,尽管它对感情是有所克制的。孟买猫喜欢与人作伴,所以不应长时间地冷落它。
另外,孟买猫聪明伶俐,反应灵敏,叫声轻柔,有时略有些顽皮。孟买猫是运动型的猫,其性格贪玩,好奇,然而有自控力,捕猎能力很强
“I’d love to own a panther!”
At first glance, you may mistake a Bombay cat for a miniature panther. In fact, that is why the breed was created by Louisville, KY breeder Nikki Horner, who set her sights on producing a copper-eyed, black shorthaired cat with the exotic appearance of a mini or “parlor” panther. The black leopard of India inspired her choice of the breed’s name.
The Bombay is an example of a hybrid breed, combining characteristics of established domestic breeds to create and maintain a specific, third look. Although the goal is to produce cats who look like wild panthers, there is absolutely no wild blood in the breed. Ms. Horner began her effort in 1953 with the selective breeding of a black American Shorthair with rich eye color bred to a Grand Champion sable Burmese female. Through a long, selective process of line breeding and outcross breeding, she was able to consistently produce a black cat unlike any other. Black American Shorthairs and sable Burmese are still allowable breed outcrosses.
The Bombay achieved CFA championship status in 1976, and the rest, as they say, is history. The beguiling, charming shiny black coat with the brilliant gold to copper eyes caught on with the public and other breeders and exhibitors. Although small in numbers, the breed has consistently contributed to national and regional winner status.
It has been said that if you want a dog, a cat or a monkey all rolled into one mischievious package, then the Bombay is the breed for you. They can be leash trained, and most enjoy playing “fetch” and are fond of inventing new ways to entertain themselves and the humans with whom they live. Bombays are congenial, outgoing and make intelligent, affectionate companions. They adapt well to busy life styles and usually get along with children, elders and other pets. The Bombay generally combines the easy going temperament and robust nature of the American Shorthair and the social, inquisitive, lap-loving character of the Burmese.
With the exception of color, the Bombay and Burmese standards are very similar. Whereas the Burmese body presents a compact sturdy appearance, the Bombay body is of medium length, presenting a more lithesome appearance than its Burmese cousin. The Bombay’s head is “rounded” with a short muzzle. The coat is the most defining characteristic of the Bombay. Its short, flat, gleaming, black-to-the-roots coat accentuates its rippling muscular form. And, along with its conspicuous large, brilliant gold to copper eye color, the Bombay is described as the “patent leather kid with the new penny eyes.”
In selecting a Bombay kitten, consider what characteristics are most important to you and discuss them with the breeder, who knows each kitten and can help match you with the right one. Kittens are usually available around sixteen weeks of age, by which time they have had their basic inoculations and developed the physical and social stability needed for a new environment. Keeping such a rare treasure indoors, neutering or spaying, and providing acceptable surfaces for the natural behavior of scratching (CFA disapproves of declawing or tendonectomy surgery) are essential to maintaining a healthy, long and joyful life. For more information, please contact the Breed Council Secretary for this breed.