品种鉴别
巴曼猫 - Birman Breed Profile
巴曼猫又称波曼猫、缅甸神猫、缅甸圣猫。
注意:这不是雪鞋猫,雪鞋猫原产美国。
祖先及起源时间
祖先 美国短毛猫和暹罗猫
起源于 1960年代
相传巴曼猫的祖先原是在古代东南亚一带专门守护寺院的,该传说给这种美.丽的长毛猫增添了几分神秘的宗教色彩。巴曼猫具有类似波斯猫和喜玛拉雅猫的体型,以及暹罗猫的斑点。波曼猫骨胳强壮,头宽而圆,鼻直面丰;面颊和耳朵均呈V字形;全身被覆银白色长毛,而面部、耳朵、腿、尾部毛的颜色渐深,四爪则为白色,如同戴了白手套一样,故有“四蹄踏雪”之称。
[起源]如其别名缅甸圣猫一样,波曼猫祖先源于缅甸。据称1898年英国一位陆军少校将它们带入欧洲,1925年在法国培育而成现在的波曼猫。不过它真正被人们认识的是在二次大战期间的几次猫展上。1966年英国猫协承认了它,不久在美国也获得承认。
[性格]活泼聪明,感情丰富,不怕生人;温顺友好,渴求主人的宠爱,喜欢与主人玩耍;叫声甜蜜,举止得当;爱干净,在舒适的家中生活很愉快,天气晴朗时也喜欢到庭院或花园里散步。巴曼猫的性格开朗头脑聪慧,它有非常充实的感情,对人温顺态度友好,不怕陌生人;喜欢被主人宠爱,爱和主人嬉戏玩耍;有甜蜜的叫声,行为举止非常大方得体;巴曼猫爱干净,愉快的生活在舒适的家中,在天气好时喜欢到花园庭院等地方散步。
外形特征
耳朵:大而尖。眼睛:呈杏仁形,深蓝色.头部:稍圆的三角形,鼻子长短适中.被毛:毛短,短而光滑有光泽,毛色略带蓝白色,有深蓝色的重点色。脚:爪大小适中,圆形,像缅甸猫。雪鞋猫肌肉发达,体形较大的特征是由美国短毛猫血统造成。而其身长则显现出暹罗猫的特征。公猫往往明显比母猫大,体重可达5。4公斤。
特征 白色区重叠于传统暹罗猫图案之上,带有这种斑纹颜色的品种正越来越受到培育。前腿上"白靴"必须达到脚踝,并在后腿上正好延伸至后腿的跗关了下年龄较大些的猫往往颜色深一点,但关键是重点色和体色要形成对比。
[外貌]头部:头盖坚实、宽而圆,头前部向后方倾斜,稍呈凸状。鼻直面丰,鼻尖稍缓慢下降,略呈鹰钩鼻状。面颊肌肉发达,呈圆形。脸面毛短,但颊外侧毛长,胡须密。
耳朵:耳朵大而向前竖立,耳端稍浑圆,两耳尖间距宽,两耳根部间距适中,面颊和耳朵都呈现颇具特征的“V”字形,与头部轮廊十分协调。
眼睛:眼睛大而圆,两眼间距稍宽,眼色为深绿色或宝石蓝色。
躯体:体型中至大型,骨胳强壮,胸深宽,腰宽,背平直,腹短圆,腿短体长。
四肢:四肢粗短,骨胳发达,肌肉结实、有力;前肢直立。
趾:趾大而圆,握力大,爪短有力。
尾:尾长中等,与身体协调,尾毛浓密。
被毛:毛长而厚密,毛质如丝,细密而富有光泽;颈部饰毛长,但肩胛部被毛短;胸部至下腹部被毛略呈波纹状;腹部被毛允许少量卷曲。
毛色:体毛应是无条纹的单色,但在海豹色斑点、蓝色斑点中允许少量深色。体毛与斑点反差越明显越好。脸、耳、四肢、尾的斑点以同一色为最佳,斑点毛尖不能混入白色。四爪应为白色。波曼猫体毛多为金黄色或银白色,斑点为海豹色斑点、蓝色斑点、巧克力色斑点、紫丁香色斑点等。
[缺点]四爪少白色,腹部和胸部有白毛,体毛是混合色的为缺点。四爪无白毛,四肢以外的斑点有白斑,尾巴有扭曲或弯曲,眼睛斜视者为劣品。
关于毛色的传说
巴曼猫的奇特毛色来自于一个美丽的传说。几百年前,亚洲的高棉人修建了一座女神庙,供奉有着一双宝石蓝色眼睛的金色女神。虔诚的修士Mum-Ha常常跪在女神像前默默地冥想,他养在庙里的漂亮白色猫咪Sinh也坐在他身边注视着女神。在一个漆黑的夜晚,盗贼袭击了庙宇并杀害了Mum-Ha。Mum-Ha死后,Sinh将它的脚放在主人的身上并将脸朝向女神像。正在这时,它的白色毛皮变成了金黄色,黄色的眼睛变成了女神像那样的宝石蓝色,而它的四只白色的腿也变成了土地一样的棕色——但是放在主人身上的脚仍然是雪白的,象征着纯洁。第二天早上,庙里的一百多只白猫全都变成Sinh一样的颜色。自此Sinh不曾离开神坛一步,在七日后也离开世界,带着主人的灵魂进入天堂。从那以后,只要这座庙中有猫死去,人们就会说有个修士的灵魂也随着它去了。

About the Birman

Mystical, magical, enchanting with soulful blue eyes, a gentle demeanor, and the best friend you ever had… this describes the Birman cat.

The Birman beginnings are shrouded in legend and mystery. There are numerous folk tales and legends describing how the Birman obtained its unique colorings and markings that offer explanations, while the real Birman history keeps everyone guessing. What we do know is the Birman arrived in the USA in 1959 and registered with CFA in 1967; most Birmans in our country can be traced to England, France, Australia, and Germany.

The countries that nourished the Birman cat have imparted their national traits to this mysterious breed: the French, their flair for drama; the Gallic, their loving and affectionate nature; the English, their dignity and reserve; the Germans, their patience and practicality; the Australians, their adventurous spirit; and the Americans, their ingenuity. Add a touch of Far Eastern inscrutability, stir them together, and what you get is a Birman.

Like all color point cats, Birman kittens are born all white and develop their color as they mature. They come in a rainbow of colors, including seal, blue, lilac, chocolate, red, cream, and tortie. All these colors can be either the traditional solid pattern or the dramatic lynx pattern. A special and unique feature of the Birman is their beautiful white paws.

Ideally, the Birman is a medium-sized cat, strongly built cat with striking eyes, round face, and a Roman-shaped nose which all result in a pleasing expression.

The Birman fur is a single-length (no undercoat) soft, silky, and lush coat; they have a longer ruff around the neck and a fluffy tail. Their coats do not mat, and they require a minimum amount of grooming.

The Birman is a hearty, healthy cat that does not reach full maturity until approximately 3 years of age. Because of its exceptionally sweet nature, the Birman is easy to handle and makes an ideal pet. The Birman is sociable, gentle, quiet, loving, and companionable. They love to be with people and are playful and desirous of attention. They are social with both people and other animals. Because the Birman is patient, even-tempered and tolerant, they make an excellent choice for families with children and/or other pets.

Birmans are relatively quiet cats; most are soft spoken and refined, with soft chirp-like voices.

Birmans are very helpful; they love helping you make beds, load the dishwasher, fold laundry, read the newspaper, and work on the computer. They are a willing participant in whatever you do. You will never be alone with a Birman in your home.

Choosing a new kitten is an important decision for the entire family. It will be a commitment for the life of the cat. Most Birman breeders have a waiting list for their kittens, so be prepared to wait to get the kitten of your dreams. Usually kittens will be ready for their permanent homes between the ages of 12 to 16 weeks. Birman babies are learning life experiences from their mother, their siblings, and their people during this early time in their life, which helps to produce welladjusted, loving kittens. During this time, they will mature physically and have the social stability needed for their new home and life. Keeping your kitten/cat indoors, neutering/ spaying, and providing a loving home and proper veterinary care are essential to keep your Birman happy and healthy.

The Birman is unconditional love in a fur coat and will bring pleasure and happiness to your home and family. For more information, please contact the Breed Council Secretary for this breed.

 
 
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